A instance of Marburg computer virus disease , a extremely infectious disease that causes hemorrhagic fever , has been identified in West Africa for the first clock time .
Health authorities in Guinea confirmed the display case on Sunday after the virus was detect in a sample taken from a patient who has since died , accord to theWorld Health Organization(WHO ) . irruption and sporadic cases of the disease have antecedently been seen in certain parts of easterly , central , and southern Africa , as well as Europe , but this is the first case documented in West Africa .
The Marburg virus is in the same family ( Filoviridae ) as the computer virus that causes Ebola . Rather alas , this case was detected less than two month after Guinea declared the close of an Ebola irruption that set about in February this twelvemonth .
Marburg virus diseasecauses an regalia of symptoms that are similarly unpleasant to the one seen with Ebola . The disease starts suddenly , unremarkably with a in high spirits feverishness , severe headache , hard weariness , and sinew aches . By Clarence Shepard Day Jr. 3 , people will set out to experience severe watery diarrhea , abdominal botheration , sickness , and vomiting . As this phase of the malady progresses , multitude are said to have a shade - like appearance with rich - placed eye , expressionless faces , and extreme lassitude .
Between 5 and 7 days , fateful cases will start hurt from some phase of bleeding from the nose , gums , and vagina , alongside blood in vomit and stool . The central queasy system will also initiate to become affected , with patients sometimes experiencing confusion and aggression .
If the case is calamitous , most masses snuff it around 8 or 9 days after they first experience symptom . The median case fatality rate is around 50 percent , although it has varied from 24 pct to 88 percent in past outbreak depending on virus breed and cause direction .
There are currently no vaccines or antiviral treatments O.K. for Marburg virus disease . However , former treatment and rehydration can significantly improve a patient ’s opportunity of endurance .
Marburg virus wasfirst describedin 1967 after at least 32 people go down ill in the German cities of Marburg and Frankfurt , and Belgrade in Yugoslavia ( now Serbia ) . All cases weretraced back tolaboratories in the three city that had recently imported a shipment of infected African green monkeys from Uganda .
As this suggests , the virus can taint non - human primates too , but it ’s thought the virus originated within Egyptian fruit bats ( Rousettus aegyptiacus ) that can be found in pocket across Africa and part of the Middle East .
There are a fewreasons why batsare one of the key sources of foul viruses that can cause diseases in humans , including Nipah virus , Hendra virus , Ebola , rabies , and abunch of coronaviruses . Primarily , it ’s down to their ace - charged immune system . To fuel their ability to fly , bats elevate their metabolic pace . The downside to this is tissue damage because of the accruement of reactive molecules , which require a impregnable immune system to clean house up . This rock - strong immune arrangement of bats create an surroundings that allows violent viruses to evolve . Once these hardy computer virus supervise to parachute into another mammal species with a less full-bodied resistant system , it can examine devastating . This is most probable , albeit not certainly , how SARS - CoV-2came into being .
